Apparatus for the production of halogenated hydrocarbons



A. A. BACKHAUS.

APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 7. 1919.

l %@3,838 A Patented Jan. 3, 1922 w... VIII/[149% r I INVE-IWT A webearns ARTHUR A. BACKHAUS, OF BALTIMORE, .MARYLAIND, ASSIGNOR TO U. S.INDUSTRIAL ear -FF@.

ALCOHOL 00., A CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA,

. APPARATUS FOR PRODUCTION OF HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS.

mosses.

Application filed may 7,

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ARTHUR A. BACK- HAUS, acitizen of the Jnited States, resid-- ingat Baltimore, in the State ofMaryland, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement inApparatus forthe- Production of Halogen'ated Hydrocarbons, of

- which the following is a specification.

' of light, the maintenance of an excew of tion partly in section of anthe unsaturated hydrocarbon, such for example as ethylene, throughoutthe treatment, and the maintenance of a comparatively low temperatureduring the treatment. I

Further objects of my inventionwill appear from the detailed descriptionthereof set forth hereinafter.-

While my invention is capable of beingcarried out in many difl'erentways, for the purpose of illustration I have shown only one type ofapparatus made in accordance with my invention in the. accompanyingdrawings, in which; y

The figure is diagrammatic representaapparatus made in accordancewith myinvention. v g

Assuming that the apparatus is to. be used for thetreatment ofethylenewith chlorine to produce ethylene dichloride, ethylene gas is conveyedby means such as a pipe 1 into 'achamber 2. In the em bodi-' ment shownthis is formed by a cover plate 3, which is shown as secured to acylindrical casing 4, in such a manner as to hold between the coverplate 3 and the cylinder 4 a perforated plate 5, carrying in the samethe/ends of a series of tubes 6. These are shown as held in place in asimilar manner at their lower ends by means of a perforated plate 7,located between the cylinder 4 and a bottom plate 8, which'form a cham-Specification of Letters Patent.

. Patented Jan.

1919. Serial in. 295,474.

ber 9 at theqlower end of the apparatus. The cylinder 4 is preferablykept cool by means such as a counter-current of water 7 which may beadmitted by a pipe 10, and

i-which flows out of the cylinder 4 by means such as a pipe 11. Chlorinegas is preferafbly admitted to the chamber 2 by means such as a pipe 12in the proportion of ten volumes of chlorine to eleven volumes ofethylene, these proportions being chosen so as to maintain at all timesthroughout the treatment an excess of ethylene present. In theembodiment shown thechlorine and ethylene after entering the chamber 2ass downwardly throu h .the tubes 6 wl iere they become united to formethy ene (11- chloride', the'temperature being kept lowat all times bymeans of acurrentof water in thecylinder 4. The ethylene dichloride,together with some chlorine dissolved therein,

and some gaseous ethylene, pass out of the chamber 9 bym'eans of a pipe13 and into 3. receiver 14, where the pipe 13 terminates as near thebottom of the receiver as possible, so as to form a liquid seal withinthe receiver. The liquid within" the receiver 14 will -at'first becomprisedof ethylene dichloride having chlorine dissolved therein. Asthe process continues to be carried. out, the gaseous ethylene whichdescends in the pipe 13-will be bubbled through the liquid in" thereceiver 14, ,so as to combine with all the-chlorinewhich is dissolvedin the li uid, so that in this manner ethylene d1- chloride entirelyfree from any uncombined .rhlorine is obtained, and may be drawn ofifrom time to time through a valved pipe- 15 in the bottom of thereceiver; The excess of the ethylene passes out of the receiver 14 bymeans such as a pipe 16, which preferably conducts the ethylene back tothe chamber 2, where the ethylene is thus again brought into contactwith chlorine,

so as to form ethylene dichloride in the same manneras previouslydescribed.

It will be understood that all of the a paratus above described isordinarily ma e of an opaque material of such a. character as not to beacted upon by the substances present, and may for example be madethroughout ofiron. The temperature is kept as low as possible, and inany event as low as 50 6., as indicated by the temperature in thematerials flowing out of as in this manner substitution of hydrogenatoms by the halogen used is obviated. Furthermore, it will beunderstood that instead of ethylene other unsaturated hydro carbons may'be used, as for example butyl ne or amylene, and that, instead otthechlorine the other halogens may be used.

The Word pipes in the claims is intended to refer to any form of conduitfor conveying liquids or gases from one place to another.

While 1 have described my invention above in detail, I Wish it to beunderstood that many changes may be made therein Without departing fromthe spirit thereof.

1 claim:

1. A chlorinati g apparatus comprising container containing pipes andmeans for cooling them, means for introducing chlorine and'a gas at oneend of the pipes, a conduit leading from the other end of the pipes tothe bottom of a receptacle, and a pipe conmeeting the latter with themeans for introducing chlorine and the gas.

2. chlorinating apparatus ocriiprisin container containing verticalpipes an means for coolingthem, means for introducing chlorine and a gasat the top of the pipes, a conduit leading from the other end of thepipe connecting the latter with the means for introducing chlorine andthe gas.

3. A chlorinating apparatus comprising a container having chambers ateach end, pipes connecting said chambers, means for cooling thecontainer and the pipes, an inlet for chlorine and a gas to the upperchamber, an outlet for the lovv'er chamber leading to a receptacle, anda pipe connecting the re ceptacle to the upper chamber.

4. A chlorinating apparatus comprising a long vertical containerhavingchambers at each end, pipes connecting said chambers, ,means for coolingthe container and the pipes, an inlet for chlorine at the top of theupper chamber and an inlet for gas at the side" thereof, an outlet atthe bottom oi the lower chamber leading to the bottom of a receptacle,and a pipe connectin the top of the receptacle to the upper chamierQ 5.[it halogenating apparatus comprising a reaction chamber, a receiver forthe liquid halogenated product, means for bubbling gaseous materialsfrom the reaction chamber through the liquid in the receiver, means forreturnin any unhalogenated gas to the reaction c amber, and means forcooling the reaction chamber.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing, 1 have hereunto set my handthis 22nd day of April, 1919.

ARTHUR A. BAGKHAUS.

pipes to the bottom of a receptacle, and a

